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PARTS OF CONSTITUTION
Preamble
The term Preamble alludes to the acquaintance or introduction with the Constitution.The Preamble isn't enforceable in an official courtroom and, by and large, not thinking about a piece of the Constitution, it gives a key to the arrangement and translation of the Constitution, it has, accordingly, been portrayed as the spirit of the Constitution. In instances of uncertainty, the Supreme Court has alluded to the Preamble to explain dubious parts of the Constitution.
The Constitution of India is gone before by a Preamble which
(I) shows the source from which it infers authority, and
(ii) expresses the target which the constitution looks to achieve.
It has been changed by the 42nd Amendment Act 1976 which added 3 new words–Socialist, Secular, and Integrity.'We, individuals of India having seriously set out to comprise India into a sovereign, communist, mainstream popularity based republic and to get to all its citizens: JUSTICE social, financial and political; LIBERTY of thought, articulation, conviction, confidence and worship; EQUALITY of status and chance and to advance among them all; FRATERNITY guaranteeing the nobility of the individual and the solidarity and respectability of the nation.In our Constituent Assembly this twenty-6th day of November 1949 we do thusly embrace, order and provide for ourselves this Constitution.
The word sovereign implies that India is both inside just as remotely free and isn't subject to any external power. The term 'communist' in the Preamble (embedded by the 42nd Amendment) alludes to some type of responsibility for creation and dissemination by the state. In any case, the Indian brand of communism is very unique and holds confidence in a blended economy. Secularism infers that the state is just worried about relations between different residents and isn't worried about relations of man with God. Further, it implies that the state has no religion of its own. The term Democratic suggests that the public authority draws its power from individuals. The rulers are chosen by individuals and are responsible to them. The word republic suggests that the top of the state in India will bean elected person and shall hold office for a fixed term.the president of India is the CEO head of India.
justice
The preamble discusses social, monetary, and political justice.Social equity infers that segregation based on position, race, sex, or religion should cease.Economic equity infers that the hole between the rich and the poor is crossed over and that abuse ceases.Political equity infers that all residents ought to have equivalent freedom to partake in the political system.
Liberty
Democracy is firmly associated with the possibility of freedom. Certain negligible rights should be delighted in by each individual locally for a free and humanized existence.EqualityRights have no importance on the off chance that they can't be appreciated similarly by all individuals from the local area.
Fraternity
Fraternity implies a feeling of fellowship. Clique is likewise looked to be advanced by guaranteeing equivalent rights to all. The club is preposterous except if the poise of every individual is introduced and respected.
The Union and it is Territory
Part 1 of the Constitution includes four Articles a worried about the area of India. Article 1 specifies that India, that is Bharat, will be a Union of States. The states and regions Of India are to be specified In the First Schedule. It is to be noticed that the articulation, 'Association of India', isn't inseparable from 'the domain of India'; the 'Association' incorporates just the States which are individuals from the government framework and offer a circulation of forces with the Union while the 'region of India' incorporates the whole region over which the sway of India extends.
The creators of the Indian Constitution enabled the Union Parliament to revamp the States by a straightforward method. In the first Constitution, there were four classes of States and Territories. In any case, since the Seventh Amendment Act, 1956, every one of the States (aside from Jammu and Kashmir) has a place with one class and every one of the protected arrangements identifying with States apply to every one of them similarly. Concerning the organization of the specific Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas inside the States, the arrangements are uncommonly recorded in the Fifth and Sixth Schedules. The Union Territories are midway directed by arrangements contained in Part VII of the Constitution. They are administered by the President through a chairman selected by him. As of now, there are 29 states and 7 Union Territories.
Reorganisation of States
Article 2 engages Parliament to concede into the Union or set up, new States on such standing and conditions as it might suspect f it. By Article 3, Parliament has the force by law to shape another State from the region of any State or by joining at least two States, increment or decline the space of any State, or adjust the limits or the name of any State. The solitary conditions set down for the creation of such a law are that
(I) such a Bill should be presented distinctly on the suggestion of the President, and
(ii) before suggesting the Bill, the President is to allude it to the concerned State Legislature which would communicate its perspectives inside a predefined period. The President isn't, be that as it may, limited by the perspectives on the State Legislature. Nonetheless, on account of Jammu and Kashmir, the assent of the State Legislature is needed before a Bill on such modifications is presented in Parliament. A straightforward lion's share and standard administrative technique are sufficient for Parliament to shape new States or change existing State limits. Along these lines, the desire of the Union Executive and Legislature wins in the issue of changing or rearranging the regions of the units of the organization.
States Reorganization Act
The Government delegated a commission under S.K. Dhar to look at the attainability of revamping of States on a semantic premise. The S.K. Dhar Commission favored rearrangement for managerial comfort as opposed to on a semantic premise. The Dhar Commission's report made a lot of hatred and prompted the arrangement of another Linguistic Provinces Committee in December 1948 to analyze the Linguistic premise of States revamping. This Committee comprised of J.L. Nehru, Vallabhbai Patel, and Pattabhi Sitaramayya and consequently was famously known as JVP Committee. In any case, in 1953, the primary phonetic State that appeared was Andhra Pradesh, made by isolating the Telugu talking regions from the State of Madras. This constrained the Govt. of India to delegate a 3 part States Reorganization Commission in 1953 to investigate the topic of redrawing of the limits of States. This commission was led by Fazal Ali.
Name of the Indian States
- Andhra Pradesh
- Manipur
- Arunachal Pradesh
- Meghalaya
- Assam
- Bihar
- Chhattisgarh
- Goa
- Mizoram
- Nagaland
- Odisha
- Punjab
- Gujarat
- Rajasthan
- Haryana
- Himachal Pradesh
- Jammu and Kashmir
- Jharkhand
- Karnataka
- Kerala
- Sikkim
- Tamil Nadu
- Telangana
- Tripura
- Uttarakhand
- Uttar Pradesh
- Madhya Pradesh
- Maharashtra
- West Bengal
Union Territories
1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands
2. Chandigarh
3. Dadra and Nagar Haveli
4. Daman and Diu
5. Delhi (National Capital Territory)
6. Lakshadweep
7. Puducherry
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